Search results for "7th century"
showing 10 items of 63 documents
2500 Years of European Climate Variability and Human Susceptibility
2011
Climate variations influenced the agricultural productivity, health risk, and conflict level of preindustrial societies. Discrimination between environmental and anthropogenic impacts on past civilizations, however, remains difficult because of the paucity of high-resolution paleoclimatic evidence. We present tree ring-based reconstructions of central European summer precipitation and temperature variability over the past 2500 years. Recent warming is unprecedented, but modern hydroclimatic variations may have at times been exceeded in magnitude and duration. Wet and warm summers occurred during periods of Roman and medieval prosperity. Increased climate variability from similar to 250 to 6…
Historical ethnopharmacology of the herbalists from Krummhübel in the Sudety Mountains (seventeenth to nineteenth century), Silesia
2018
Background Krummhübel (after 1945, Karpacz) in the Sudety Mountains (now SW Poland) was called “the village of pharmacists”. At the end of the seventeenth century, there were 57 households, of which about 40 were inhabited by herbalists. Krummhübel herbalists were the first in the Sudety region who applied medicinal mixtures for the treatment of various diseases (using, among others, plants, oils, minerals and even viper venom) in contrast to previous herbalists who only indicated the use of individual plant species for specific diseases. Riesengebirge (in Polish Karkonosze) potions were sold in Austria, the Czech Republic, Poland and Russia, and some of them could even be purchased in Scan…
Pietro Mengoli and the six-square problem
1994
The aim of this paper is to analyze a little known aspect of Pietro Mengoli's (1625-1686) mathematical activity: the difficulties he faced in trying to solve some problems in Diophantine analysis suggested by J. Ozanam. Mengoli's recently published correspondence reveals how he cherished his prestige as a scholar. At the same time, however, it also shows that his insufficient familiarity with algebraic methods prevented him, as well as other Italian mathematicians of his time, from solving the so-called “French” problems. Quite different was the approach used for the same problems by Leibniz, who, although likewise partially unsuccessful, demonstrated a deeper mathematical insight which led…
La fortificación del Reino de Valencia en la década de1640 a la luz de la revolución militar
2019
This article proposes a study of the traditions in defensive architecture that concurred in the projects designed by Spanish military engineers for the fortification of the Valencian frontier in 1648 and 1649, in the context of the War of Catalonia (1640-1652). For this it is essential to follow the route of the Valencian adaptations to the military revolution in the matter of fortifications throughout the sixteenth century and compare them with those brought to Valencia in 1641 by the Marquis of Leganes and his engineers from the school of Milan.
Ajatuksella ja ahkeruudella kolmen suvun vaiheista neljältä vuosisadalta
2018
Kirja-arvio teoksesta Immonen, Perttu: Suomen rahvaan historia. Kolmen suvun elämää keskiajalta 1800-luvulle. Atena Kustannus Oy, 2017. 639 sivua. ISBN 978- 952-300-335-4. Perttu Immonen yhdistää teoksessaan mielenkiintoisesti ja elävästi mikro- ja makrohistorian varhaismodernin ajan Suomessa. Hän seuraa kronologisesti kolmen eri seutukunnan: LänsiSuomen Sastamalan, Itä-Suomen Rantasalmen ja Pohjanmaan Kokkolan tapahtumia. Poikkeuksellisen ankarien aikojen kuvauksesta muodostuu moniulotteinen ja alueiden erilaisia kohtaloita tarkasteleva analyysi. nonPeerReviewed
Āru vārdi 17. gadsimta beigu Vidzemes kartēs. Sāvienas (Sawensee) un Aburtu (Lüggen) muižas piemērs
2020
Vidzeme, one of the cultural and historical regions of Latvia, became a part of the kingdom of Sweden during the 17th century. Subsequently, Swedish cartographers mapped the estates of Vidzeme and then compiled maps of larger territories then called castle districts. The present research inspects 11 of these late 17th century maps and analyzes the microtoponyms found there. For an illustration, the maps of Sāviena (Sawensee) and Aburti (Lüggen) estates are chosen. This paper consider as microtoponyms not only the names of meadows, forests, swamps and hills, but also some hydronyms denoting smaller rivers and lakes that had not yet been academically analyzed, in total names of 26 objects. Th…
Vallan verkostoissa : Per Brahe ja hänen klienttinsä 1600-luvun Ruotsin valtakunnassa
2011
Learning from the past in the COVID-19 era: rediscovery of quarantine, previous pandemics, origin of hospitals and national healthcare systems, and e…
2020
Abstract After the dramatic coronavirus outbreak at the end of 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, on 11 March 2020, a pandemic was declared by the WHO. Most countries worldwide imposed a quarantine or lockdown to their citizens, in an attempt to prevent uncontrolled infection from spreading. Historically, quarantine is the 40-day period of forced isolation to prevent the spread of an infectious disease. In this educational paper, a historical overview from the sacred temples of ancient Greece—the cradle of medicine—to modern hospitals, along with the conceive of healthcare systems, is provided. A few foods for thought as to the conflict between ethics in medicine and shortage of personne…
The main trends in the palaeodemography of the 7th-18th century population of Latvia
2006
The study represents palaeodemographic research of osteological material of 3304 individuals from the funds of the Anthropological Laboratory of the Institute of History of the University of Latvia in Riga, dating from the 7 th to the 18 th century AD. Compensated life expectancy at birth is varying between 20.3 and 22.2 years during the research period. Crude mortality has changed between 49.3 and 45 %o. In the early period (7 th - 13 th century) there is a significant male prevalence (2.2 - 1.4); female life expectancy at the age of 20 is on average 6.6 years less than for males. This difference decreases to 5.4 years in the 13 th - 18 th century. According to historical demography, femal…
L'immagine della monarchia e il ruolo del Senato nelle feste per S. Rosalia a Palermo: apparati, architetture e spazio urbano nel XVII secolo
2012
La festa barocca a Palermo costituisce l’alter ego effimero e occasionale del processo di monumentalizzazione, graduale e complesso, della città: entrambi obbediscono alle stesse esigenze di ufficialità e magnificenza, da soddisfare obbligatoriamente nell’ottica di una città capitale. L’autorevole regista delle grandi manifestazioni ufficiali è il Senato palermitano, al quale come massima istituzione della città è affidata in genere la responsabilità sia dell’organizzazione materiale, sia dell’elaborazione culturale del programma celebrativo, in particolare della festa annuale in onore di S. Rosalia. In Palermo the baroque festival is the ephemeral and occasional alter ego of monumentalisat…